ABSTRACT
Surface treatment of dentin before the bleaching procedure may affect its permeability and influence the bond strength of restorative materials. This study evaluated the influence of surface treatment before the bleaching on shear bond strength (SBT) of restorative materials to intracoronal dentin. Dentin slabs were subjected to surface treatment: no bleaching (control - CON), no surface treatment + bleaching (HP), 37% phosphoric acid + bleaching (PA) and Er:YAG laser + bleaching (L). After the bleaching procedure, specimens (n=10) were restored with: microhybrid composite resin (MH), flowable composite resin (F), and resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (RMGIC). The shear test was carried out. ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05) showed significant difference for surface treatment and restorative materials (p<0.05). CON presented higher STB and was statistically different from HP (p<0.05). PA and L showed intermediate values and were statistically similar to CON and HP (p>0.05). STB for MH and F were higher than RMGIC (p<0.05), and did not differ from each other (p>0.05). The surface treatments with phosphoric acid and Er:YAG laser before the bleaching procedure provided shear bond strength at the same level of unbleached dentin and the composite resins presented superior bond strength to the intracoronal dentin.
O tratamento superficial da dentina previamente ao clareamento pode afetar a sua permeabilidade e influenciar a resistência de união de materiais restaurados. Este estudo avaliou a influência do tratamento superficial antes do clareamento na resistência ao cisalhamento (RC) de materiais restauradores à dentina intracoronária. Fragmentos de dentina foram submetidos ao tratamento de superfície: não clareadas (controle - CON), sem tratamento de superfície + clareamento (HP), ácido fosfórico 37% + clareamento (AF), e laser Er:YAG + clareamento (L). Após o procedimento clareador, os espécimes foram restaurados com (n=10): resina composta micro-híbrida (MH), resina composta fluida (F), e cimento de ionômero de vidro modificado por resina (CIVMR). O teste de cisalhamento foi realizado. ANOVA e teste de Tukey (α=0,05) mostraram diferença significante para tratamento superficial e material restaurador (p<0,05). O grupo controle apresentou maior resistência de união e foi estatisticamente diferente de HP (p<0,05). AF e L mostraram valores intermediários e foram similares ao CON e HP (p>0,05). A resistência de união para MH e F foi maior que CIVMR (p<0,05), e não diferiram entre si (p>0,05). O tratamento da superfície dentinária com ácido fosfórico e laser Er:YAG previamente ao clareamento promoveu resistência de união ao nível da dentina não clareada e a adesão à dentina intracoronária foi superior com as resinas compostas.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Fragile X Syndrome/diagnosis , Sex Chromosome Aberrations/diagnosis , Chromosome Aberrations , Chromosome Banding , Developmental Disabilities/etiology , Developmental Disabilities/genetics , Fragile X Syndrome/geneticsABSTRACT
Major aneuploidies diagnosed prenatally involve the autosomes 13, 18, and 21, and sex chromosomes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) allows rapid analysis of chromosome copy number in interphase cells. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization in simultaneous detection of probe sets for chromosome 18, X, and Y in uncultured amniotic fluid cells as a safer alternative method for aneuploidy detection prenatally. Fifty amniotic fluid samples were analyzed by FISH and standard cytogenetics. Mean time to obtain results was three days for fluorescence in situ hybridization and 20 days for karyotype. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was informative in 43 samples (86%), and within this group, two aneuploidies were correctly identified. This evaluation demonstrates that FISH with X, Y, and 18 alpha satellite DNA probes could accurately and rapidly detect aneuploidies involving these chromosomes and could be used in any prenatal clinical laboratory.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Amniocentesis/methods , Amniotic Fluid/cytology , Aneuploidy , Centromere/genetics , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 , Color , DNA Probes , DNA, Satellite/analysis , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/methods , Karyotyping , Sex Chromosome Aberrations/genetics , Sex Chromosome Aberrations/diagnosis , X Chromosome , Y ChromosomeSubject(s)
Humans , Genetics, Medical , Sex Chromosome Aberrations/diagnosis , Sex Chromosome Aberrations/epidemiology , Sex Chromosome Aberrations/genetics , Sex Chromosome Aberrations/pathology , Sex Chromosome Aberrations/physiopathology , Macular Degeneration/etiology , Macular Degeneration/geneticsABSTRACT
The utility of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of amelogenin gene as a reliable and rapid means of determination of sex chromosomes was tested in 20 patients of X-linked disorders (Duchenne muscular dystrophy, haemophilia and Wiscott-Aldrich and Hunter's syndromes), 12 of intersex (testicular feminization syndrome, male pseudohermaphrodites, true hermaphrodites) and 21 of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Of these, 26 (49%) cases were for prenatal diagnosis of X-linked diseases and congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). The presence of X and Y chromosomes was determined within 24 h of receiving the samples. The results were in conformity with cytogenetic studies in all instances. The analysis of amelogenin gene proved helpful in the diagnosis and management of these patients.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Amelogenin , Child , Child, Preschool , Dental Enamel Proteins/genetics , Humans , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prenatal Diagnosis , Sex Chromosome Aberrations/diagnosis , Sex ChromosomesABSTRACT
A five-month-old boy presented with lower gastrointestinal bleed, recurrent infections and eczema. Blood picture revealed small platelets, high IgA, and IgM levels. A diagnosis of Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome was made. The recent concepts in molecular pathology of the disease and treatment are discussed.
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Diagnosis, Differential , Genes, Recessive/genetics , Humans , Male , Sex Chromosome Aberrations/diagnosis , Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome/diagnosis , X ChromosomeABSTRACT
Durante o período de maio de 1990 até dezembro de 1992, 483 pacientes foram cariotipados pelo laboratório de citogenética da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, em Belo Horizonte, dentro de um programa de suporte ao diagnóstico para várias especialidades médicas. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que 85,7 por cento da amostra apresentaram cariótipo normal, ou seja, 46,XX ou 46,XY. A parcela com constituiçäo cromossônica alterada foi de 14,3 por cento. Algumas aberraçöes cromossônicas devem ser destacadas, tais como cromossomo X em anel, Trissomia 22, deleçäo do braço longo do X, que mereceräo publicaçäo à parte. O montante de exames realizados demonstra a real efetividade do método, principalmente considerando que o laboratório atende parte da populaçäo carente da Grande BH, que näo tem acesso a nenhum outro tipo de diagnóstico especializado na área.
Subject(s)
Humans , Sex Chromosome Aberrations/diagnosis , X Chromosome , Y Chromosome , Karyotyping , Cytogenetics/methods , Retrospective Studies , Down Syndrome , Klinefelter Syndrome , Turner SyndromeABSTRACT
In Kuwait, 310 unselected sterile men were examined for karyotypes by different banding techniques from January 1980 till December 1988. Eighty-four patients with various major chromosomal abnormalities [MCAs] were detected [27.1%]. Among azoospermic men, 43% were chromosomally abnormal. The ratio of numerical to structural abnormalities was 19:1. In 11 world-wide surveys representing 10,011 subfertile men, the results showed striking variation. The lowest figure of MCAs was from Edinburgh [2.1%], the highest from Norway [9.2%], and the mean was found to be 6.9%. This paper discusses the possible causes of clustering of chromosomally derived sterility among an unselected sterile male population in Kuwait
Subject(s)
Infertility, Male/genetics , Sex Chromosome Aberrations/diagnosisABSTRACT
El sitio frágil del cromosoma X es la anomalía cromosómica más común, después de la trosomía 21, entre varones con retardo mental de etiología genética, y además se asocia con deficiencia mental en más de la mitad de los casos de mujeres portadoras. Este estudio en el primer intento de averiguar sis sucede esto mismo en nuestro país, en una muestra de retardados mentales seleccionados. El tamizaje se está realizado en la Escuela de Eseñanza Especial "Fernando Centeno Güel" mediante análisis cromosómico de un mínimno de 100 figuras mitóticas de cada individuo, obtenidas del cultivo por 92 horas, de sangre periférica en medio 199 suplementado al 5% con suero fetal bovino. Los resultados preliminares obtenidos confirman la presencia de este marcador cromosómico también entre nuestros retardados mentales y con una frecuencia (5%) similar a la informada en la literatura. Las implicaciones concomitantes al diagnóstico del síndrome del X frágil son muy importantes en varios aspectos: la asesoría genética adecuada y oportuna podría prevenir en muchos casos la concepción de individuos afectados, el tratamiento con ácido fólico parece promisorio y por último, existe la opción del diagnóstico fetal y prevención post-concepción